Work that has not been fixed in a tangible form of expression is not protected by copyright.

Titles, names, short phrases, and slogans, familiar symbols or designs; mere variations of typographic ornamentation, lettering or coloring; mere listings of ingredients or contents.

Ideas, procedures, methods, systems, processes, concepts, principles, discoveries, or devices, as distinguished from a description, explanation, or illustration.

Works consisting entirely of information that is common property and containing no original authorship, such as standard charts, calendars, rulers, and lists or tables taken from public documents or other common sources.